Brown:iGEM proposal

From 2006.igem.org

Revision as of 02:55, 15 March 2006

Abstract

The international Genetically Engineered Machine competition (iGEM) is a high profile international biotechnology competition. An iGEM team representing Brown University would highlight the University as a liberal arts college with strong multidisciplinary faculty. By encouraging student participation in cutting edge scientific research this endeavor would enhance Brown’s appeal, as well as enrich the undergraduate experience. To take part in the competition, we require funding to support the team with lab costs, travel expenses, and stipends.

iGEM: Interdisciplinary student competition June-August 2006

With University support, an interdisciplinary team composed of Brown students represent the University at the MIT-based iGEM competition. The challenge is to design and implement a genetically engineered machine and students are set to draw on Brown’s interdisciplinary expertise in biology, chemistry, computer science, engineering, mathematics, neuroscience and physics.

Synthetic Biology: A novel field

In the last decade, a revolution in genomics has shown us the power of the human genome. Through understanding, it can be harnessed to find, and combat harmful mutations that cause the human molecular machinery to breakdown [HapMap, 2005]. Synthetic Biology is a new interdisciplinary field that allows us to not only decipher how DNA holds and translates information, but to use this understanding to produce novel biological machines to start to repair this damage, increase product yields [Keasling, 2003] or deliver cancer drugs to targeted cells in the body [Anderson et al, 2005]. To this end, the field calls upon the knowledge and accomplishments of related disciplines. The November 24th 2005 issue of Nature magazine highlighted the growing field of Synthetic Biology emphasizing the value of the combined intellectual resources of the hard sciences. It is widely acknowledged that research in this field will be at the forefront of science in the coming decade.

Can standard interchangeable parts be constructed in vivo?

The Genetically Engineered Machine competition (iGEM) is designed to test the hypothesis that ”Simple biological systems can be built from standard interchangeable parts and operated in living cells?” [Knight, 2005]. The Brown team wants to test this hypothesis by working over the summer to design and construct such a machine. The competition challenges students to implement a machine capable of performing an engineered task. Unlike other engineering challenges, the machines produced by the competitors are transcribed from DNA sequences, rather than blueprints, and the constituent parts are RNA, proteins and cells, instead of steel, nuts, and bolts. This student-led initiative has backing from some of Brown’s best researchers, bringing together faculty in this interdisciplinary field which demonstrates the essential nature of an interdisciplinary approach to hard scientific research.

High-profile international competition

The following is an excerpt from a piece written by MIT senior researcher Dr. Tom Knight on the genesis of iGEM:

"Started in 2003, MIT students created biological oscillators coupled to fluorescent reporters. The summer of 2004 brought the first Synthetic Biology Competition. Student teams from five schools (Princeton, MIT, Caltech, UT Austin, and Boston University) and competed to build cellular state machines and counters. The teams gathered in early November to compare their results. The most graphic project was "photographic biofilm" that could capture an image. In the summer of 2005, student teams from thirteen schools (Berkeley, Caltech, Cambridge UK, Davidson, ETH Zurich, Harvard, MIT, Oklahoma, Penn State, Princeton, Toronto, UCSF, and UT Austin) participated in the 2005 International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition. Later, during the first weekend of November, over 150 of these students, instructors, and PIs came together to share and celebrate their work. The iGEM 2005 student projects displayed the designs of chemotaxis regulation systems, cell-cell genetic communications systems, cellular/biological wires, thermometers, biological sketch pads (drawing systems), cellular relay races, a digital counter, and many more. At the core of these activities is the notion of a standard biological part that is well specified and able to be paired with other parts into subassemblies and whole systems. Once the parameters of these parts are determined and standardized, simulation and design of genetic systems will become easier and more reliable." (1)

Student-led research at Brown

The competition gives students the chance to spend 12 weeks on ground-breaking research in Synthetic Biology. Students will convene over the summer, spending their time designing novel engineered parts, modeling biochemical reactions, and then implementing these designs in the lab. A mentoring board will meet each week in order for students to report progress and to discuss new ideas. The project will contribute to advances in current research in Synthetic Biology. Previous entries in the iGEM competition have been published by students in the journal Nature [Voigt, 2005]. The competition provides a unique opportunity for Brown students engaged in the study of science to develop their own ideas and to start basic publishing valuable research.

iGEM at Brown

We hope that in coming years the Brown iGEM team can continue to grow, taking on new students and continuing research in synthetic biology at Brown. Research could also continue by establishing Group Independent Study Projects (GISPs) and by continuing the synthetic biology journal club during the semester. As the leading students from a wide sampling of Brown’s science disciplines, the Brown iGEM team hopes that this genetic engineering program will become an outlet for demonstrating the high caliber of the University’s research endeavors. Through iGEM, Brown will continue to develop its image in the greater community as involving undergraduates in the forefront of cutting edge scientific research. The iGEM competition will foster competitive image that will put Brown at the top of many prospective student-scientists’ lists who are seeking intensive research opportunities during their academic careers.

Cross campus faculty support

There are currently 12 undergraduates interested in taking part in the competition. The final number of funded places on the team will be 8 undergraduates. A synthetic biology journal club has been started in order to start the preliminary research into ideas for the competition. The 8 funded students will be chosen by the faculty advisory board from students applications and participation in the journal club.

* - indicates offer of wet lab facilities

Students currently interested in forming an iGEM team

John Cumbers - Graduate Student Computational Biology
Annie Gao
Peter Goldstein - Undergraduate Student Computational Biology
Smita Gupta
Nicholas Halden - Undergraduate Student Computational Biology
Elena Helman - Undergraduate Student Computational Biology
Julia Heneghan
Brendan Hickey - Undergraduate Student Computational Biology
Victoria Lattanzi- Undergraduate Student Biochemistry and French Studies
Jamie Lemon - Undergraduate Student Biology
Kara Neergaard
Peter Rosenthal
Megan Schmidt - Undergraduate Student Human Biology
Julie Spector - Undergraduate Student Neuroscience
Elaine Tran

==References==
(1) Tom Knight 2005, iGEM: International Genetically Engineered Machine competition.
http://icampus.mit.edu/projects/iGem.shtml
(2) Chris Voigt 2005, Synthetic biology: Engineering Escherichia coli to see light, Nature 438, 441-442 (24 November 2005)
(3) The International HapMap Consortium. A haplotype map of the human genome.
Nature 437, 1299-1320. 2005.
(4) Jay D Keasling, Engineering a mevalonate pathway in Escherichia coli for production of terpenoids, Nature Biotechnology 21, 796 - 802 (2003)
(5) Anderson, J. C., Clarke, E. J., Arkin, A. P., & Voigt, C. A. (2005) Environmentally Controlled Invasion of Cancer Cells by Engineered Bacteria, Journal of Molecular Biology, in press.